Utilitarians Ethic and Politics What is the Purpose of...

What is the purpose of human life? Describe utilitarians ethic and politic. What should Wonder Woman do? Wonder Woman just wake up this morning , and learn from the news that a boat is sinking in the Odra. and 30 people are in life threatening. She is almost outside of the window ready to go to save some lives when she realizes that in the park next to her home some friends are doing a barbecue. As she really would like to go the barbecue she starts to have an internal struggle. What ought Wonder Woman do? Spend an hard day leading to the shore people and saving lives or enjoying the amazing sunny day while doing a barbecue in the park? Utilitarian ethic and philosophy can answer to Wonder Womans struggle. But first lets see what†¦show more content†¦But its not enough to take into account merely the consequences for me but I should take into consideration also the consequences for everyone who will be probably affected by my action. As John Mill pointed out in applying Utilitarianism I must sum up all the losses or harms to everyone who will probably be affected, and the same for all the losses or harms. If the benefits are greater than the harms its the right thing to do, if the harms are greater than the benefits its the wrong thing to do. There are different point of view about how to define what are a good and a bad consequences. Utilitarian thinkers see as a good consequences the pleasure, the happiness and the increase of well-being. On the other hand bad consequences are defined as the pain, the unhappiness and the decrease of the well-being. Happiness even if identified with pleasure , is analyzed in terms of very little hedonistic Mill distinguishes between higher pleasures and lower pleasures and so introducted a qualitative distinction between pleasures. The highest pleasure is not superior because its giving more pleasure, but for the fact that it is this and not that pleasure. The criterion to distinguish the quality of pleasures is then given by the judgment of the knower of all pleasures. There are two Utilitarian theory Act Utilitarianism and Rule Utilitarianism.1 The Act Utilitarianism known also as the Greatest Happiness version is supported andShow MoreRelatedLaw and Justice4680 Words   |  19 Pagestheory of justice. This work has been done to distinguish the concept of justice as propounded by utilitarian’s (Aristotle[1] and Benthem[2]) vis-a-vis Rawls. Finally an analysis is done to examine how well the concept of justice given by Rawls is relevant in India, a multilayered pluralistic society. Introduction: Justice is defined as the quality of being just or fair. Justice is used to mean what is appropriate, deserved, right, fair , justice is said to be achieved when an unjust act is redressed

Application of Financial Concepts to Guillermos Furniture Store Case Study

Essays on Application of Financial Concepts to Guillermo's Furniture Store Case Study The paper "Application of Financial Concepts to Guillermo's Furniture Store" is an outstanding example of a case study on finance and accounting. Guillermo’s Furniture Store has experienced considerable challenges with the changing nature of his industry. Because of increasing challenges, there has been a strong amount more mergers and acquisitions. Additionally, the industry has witnessed the emergence of organizations that have increasingly implemented automation in their manufacturing processes. The cumulative impact of these elements has necessitated that the furniture store enacts significant change.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the overarching considerations is that of value. While Guillermo’s Furniture Store has long created value through the production and sale of merchandise, the principle of valuable ideas has demonstrated the effectiveness of new ideas (Emery 2007, p. 5). In this specific industry, this is demonstrated through the develo pment of automation processes that produce the furniture more rapidly. In terms of Guillermo Furniture Store’s own situation, it’s clear they must implement new ideas in establishing a competitive advantage. In this way, the patented process of creating a coating for the furniture could potentially constitute a new idea. This notion also extends to the inclusion of capital market efficiency. This is the process where capital markets react to new information. In this situation, the new information regarding automation contributes to a significant change in the market. Within this context of understanding, there is the recognition of the behavioral principle. The behavioral principle indicates that ‘when all else fails, look at what others are doing for guidance’. In this way, Guillermo’s Furniture Store has recognized that the current mode of operations is ineffective. In this way, they must look to the other competing stores, as the competitive envi ronment has changed considerably.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition to the above elements, there are other financial concepts evident in this process. In developing a strong financial strategy as a means of overcoming these elements, it’s clear that Guillermo’s Furniture Store must think in terms of the principle of self-interested behavior. In this way, people act in their financial self-interest (Garger, 2010). Within this situation, Guillermo’s Furniture Store has its own furniture coating process. This process could be implemented in conjunction with another industry furniture manufacturer. In this way, the principle of self-interested behavior would come into effect. That is, the original furniture manufacturer would gain money from the production of the furniture. Guillermo’s Furniture Store would then apply the flame retardant to the furniture and sell it in its retail outlets. This process would be highly effective, as th e original manufacturer would have access to the retail outlets, maximizing their potential. Additionally, Guillermo’s Furniture Store would gain the advantage of mass-produced furniture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, this essay has examined the application of financial concepts to Guillermo’s Furniture Store. In this way, the principle of valuable ideas was considered a contributing factor to the market change. Additionally, the behavioral principle indicates a means of enacting business change. Finally, the principle of self-interested behavior is established as a means of partnering with an outside furniture chain that would provide manufacturing capabilities.

Argentinean Defeat in Falklands War Free Essays

â€Å"Poor leadership and inferior technology† – Would these factors explain the Argentinean defeat in the Falklands War of 1982? The Falklands War lasted 74 days and ended with Argentine surrender on 14 June, which returned the islands to British control. The Argentinean troops were superior in number, but despite this, the British forces were able to take over the Falkland Islands. Poor leadership and inferior technology have been suggested to be two of the reasons behind the Argentinean defeat, and in this essay I aim to discuss these aspects, and determine if they can explain the Argentinean defeat in the Falklands War of 1982. We will write a custom essay sample on Argentinean Defeat in Falklands War or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, I aim to discuss aspects in favor of the argument, beginning with the British superiority, respective Argentinean inferiority, regarding weapons and material. After the British ships had been sent to the Falkland Islands, they circulated around the Islands and were ordered to attack any Argentinean ship entering a specific area several miles outside the Islands. Argentinean ships approached both north and south, but a British submarine followed and was therefore able to track the Argentinean ship coming from south. The Argentinean ships were superior in number, although, the British ships were superior in technology, and combined with a little luck, it was possible for them to sink several ships, including Argentina’s most powerful warship General Belgrano. This marked the end of the naval war in the Falklands as the Argentinean ships withdrew. Argentina suffered from a severe economic crisis as a result of the â€Å"dirty war† when the ruling military Junta killed about 30 000 of anyone that could be regarded as opposition, mostly people with a left side ideology. They crippled from foreign debt, which meant that they couldn’t spend a great amount of money on new high technological weapons, as oppose to England who received practical support from the US. Although, Argentina seemed to have a large advantage in air power at the beginning of the conflict, but was never able to use its large numbers of fighter-bombers to establish control of the air space over the Falklands. Instead, twenty British Sea Harriers flying round the clock effectively knocked the Argentine Air Force out of the sky in the first two weeks of the shooting war. Each Argentine aircraft on the other hand, had to line up over the combat zone, quickly dump its bombs and missiles, perhaps turn around once for a strafing run, and then head back to home base, or run the risk of running out of fuel. This left the Argentine craft at an enormous disadvantage in pursuing the British Sea Harriers, in picking better targets, in avoiding missiles. As a result, the Argentines lost a large percentage of its trained fighter pilots, which is much more difficult to replace than the aircrafts themselves. Furthermore, as the war developed, the poor leadership and lack of experience seemed to be a decisive factor of Argentinean surrender. Brigadier General Menendez played an active role in controlling the Argentinean forces. Although, his strategy, his placement of troops, his supply lines, his responses to British actions; all demonstrated woeful military incompetence, which president Galtieri recognized during a visit to the islands, but refused to replace him, on the grounds that his removal might demoralize the soldiery and the Argentine populace, where the atmosphere already was unsteady due to the disliked ruling Junta. Argentine troops at Goose Green were reinforced by Menendez, but provided with no further support when they most needed it. Once Goose Green fell, Menendez seemed to pursue a persistent policy of retreat, falling back from entrenched positions at the least sign of pressure from the advancing British. As a result, he soon found himself besieged at Puerto Argentino / Port Stanley, encircled by land and cut off by sea, with no air support whatsoever. At the end, his soldiers broke and ran before the final British attack. Furthermore, a number of the intermediate officers abandoned their units under British military pressure, leaving them in charge of their sergeants or corporals. The vast gap between the privileged officer class and the poorly trained conscripts that comprised much of the Argentine army resulted in a demoralization of the forces in the field, and a tendency for them to crumble before the attacks of the British. As oppose to Britain who possessed a well-functioning leadership, the poor one of the Argentinean can be regarded as a decisive factor in their defeat. The aspects speaking against the argument will now be discussed. The British Royal Navy dominated the Argentinean navy from the start of the conflict, although British ships were vulnerable to attacks from the air. When the British ships approached the capital Stanley, The Argentine Air Force demonstrated immense bravery and tenacity in attacking the British fleet. Without room to manoeuver, the British ships were easy targets. A high number of dud bombs were dropped over the water, where 8 ships were damaged, 2 sank, 24 died and several was injured during a short mount of combat time. Because of the mountains at the Falkland Islands, the British couldn’t detect the Argentinean planes that emerged, which speaks against the argument; that the technology wasn’t merely superior. It also shows the successful Argentinean strategy. Also, the superior technology of the British didn’t always work at their advantage. At the sea, the British sent a message to Glasgow but n ever saw the Argentinean ships emerge before it was too late, because their radio blocked the radar. 0 British were killed, and this aspect speaks against the argument that superior technology automatically must be the better choice. When analyzing this argument, other aspects must be taken into consideration. During the naval warfare, the British were inferior in numbers and the decision to attack the Argentinean ships coming from both north and south was risky; if they lost any ships including the aircraft carriers, the outcome of the war might have been different. On the other hand, the fact that the Argentinean forces were superior in number could also be used as an argument that shows that the British possessed better leadership and technology because they were able to win the war. The success of the British leadership and the failure of the Argentinean were often obvious as the decisive factor. For example: when the British had arrived to Stanley, they decided to attack during the night and caught the sleeping Argentineans by surprise. To sum this up, poor leadership and inferior technology can explain the Argentinean defeat in the Falklands War. Why was Argentine defeated? -Unclear aims and lack of strategy- what to do after they have taken over the Islands? -Great Britain acted decisive and fast -Argentina lost support of the US and regional powers -Tactical mistakes -Lack of sophisticated spare parts -Insufficient training and equipment of Argentinean soldiers How to cite Argentinean Defeat in Falklands War, Papers

Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board. Answer: Introduction: The essay is based on the discussion of revenue recognition on Slater Gordon Lawyers as well as reviewing the article The Undoing of Slater and Gordon by Melissa Fyfe which was published in the Age". The essay will be discussing the issue which will be faced by the company in the identification of accounting policy on the revenue recognition of the work-in-progress. Further, the company there will be reporting of the capital market expectation on the growth of the firm, with the help of given article. Discussion will be also done on the fall in share price of the company by 50%. Analysis will be done on the recognition of IAS 18 Revenue with that of newly accounting standard "IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers. The revenue of IFRS 15 will be meeting the accounting treatment in identified revenue under work-in-progress as mentioned in the article. Further, there will be reviewing and analysis of the annual report of the year 2013, 214 and 2015 as well as identifying the s ignificant drop in the value of revenue of the respective year. In consideration of the article identify the relevant accounting research on the factor which will be influencing the companies accounting policy and give reason for choosing new revenue standard IFRS 15. It has been observed that in 2015, there was huge drop in the value of revenue because of the early adoption of IFRS 15, in regard to that what are the factors recognized. Finally there will be identification of there will be identification of breaches in the principles of accounting ethics, that needs to be also identified in the discussion. The above essay should have clear and transparent discussion of all the point mentioned above. The essay will be written by the consideration of acts and section on the respective field. As per the article, it has been analyzed that company begun with goof strategy of buying all the law firm and consultancy of providing services, which made huge growth in the revenue of the company (Han et al., 2013). Next strategy adopted by the company was undervaluing the figures of work-in-progress by 20%. Initially Slater Gordon had started well by purchasing the entire law firm which made him increasing earning abundant revenue for the company, with the help of this strategy Slater Gordon got recognition in the ASX as in year 2007as first law firm. This helped the company in getting increase the revenue of the company. VGIs approach of shorting the approach of multi-million dollar for positioning the market had turned to be fall in the share price (Slater and Gordon Lawyers.2016). According to the article, Slater Gordon had share price was $ 1 in 2007 but by the 2016 it had increased up to $ 8. This was because it had bought the undervalued work-in-progress of certain companies, which had increased the revenue as well as the profit of the company (Fyfe,2016). After that in March 2015 the company bought the share of Quindell with $ 1.6 billion, which had been reported to be a bankrupt company in later. Qunidell haveserved to be failure for Slater Gordon and had given loss as well as strategy of loss for the company, with the help of strategy. Every year the company was purchasing the share of the big law firms for having high growth and increase in the share price of the company (Savage et al., 2013). Suddenly the government announced the crackdown on the UKs damaging compensation Culture this made a fall in the price of Slater Gordon and gradually the market of the company decreased. Due to this effect Slater Gordon price had fallen by 50%. IAS 18- Revenue will be outlining the accounting necessity for identifying the revenue from the sale of goods. Revenue will be valued in the consideration of fair value or receivable, and identified, whenever the given conditions are met will be decided by the nature of the revenue (Iasplus.com.2016). The aim of the act was to include the accounting treatment of revenue which will be affecting the specific events and transaction. Revenue in this context will be known as the gross inflow from the economic advantage arising from the activities of the operations. Revenue under this will be measured in the consideration of the fair value and on the amount receivable. Goods and service of the similar nature and price is not considered to be as transaction for generating the revenue, but the exchange will be considered in generating the revenue (Ifrs.org.2016). Moreover, IFRS 15 will be identifying the revenue from contract with that of customers coming under all the classification of leas es. IAS 17- Leases will be including the financial instrument as well as other contractual rights which will be under the obligation of IFRS 9. There are various steps for converting IAS 17 into IFRS 15. For transforming the act first the there will be identification of the contract in relation with the customers. Second the obligation of the performance in regard to the contract will be identified. IFRS 15 will be proving and beneficial for the company. Transaction price needs to be determined. Allocation of the price during the transaction will be performed in obligation to the contract. Finally, recognition of the entities revenue will be performed in the obligation of IFRS, because of the above mentioned reason (Fasb.org.2016). According to the recent annual report it has been observed that company will be following AASB 15 Revenue from contracts with customers because earlier the company was following AASB 118 Revenue because of which company WIP was balances was 15-20% lower than the usual price. Inclusion of the AASB 15 as new accounting standard will help the company giving correct valuation in relation to the work-in-progress. This adoption of the new standard helped the company in earning arise in course of companys ordinary activities. IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers is similar to the standard of AASB 15 Revenue from contracts with customers. WIP stands to be a major criteria for calculating the revenue of the company. IFRS 15 will help in generating the economic benefit for the accounting period in terms of inflows or will be expanding the assets or will be decrease in the liability which is effecting with increase in equity, except for those which will be contributing the participants of equity (Aasb.gov.au.2016). In 2015 August, Slater and Gordon had made several changes in the accounting policies, with enhancement in the financial reporting system. AASB 15 had been adopted too early as part of the revenue recognition. The new standards will be identifying "No Win - No Fee" technique because of the high probability of no occurrence of the revenue. Before the adoption AASB 15, the company was using AASB 118 which was identifying the probable revenue under the economic benefit. Later the operating and financial reviewing was reflecting the necessity of new standard, with this company will be adding the accounting and actuarial advises will be refined in the methodology for identifying the work in progress. The new standard is filled with more data which will be help in valuing the WIP approach and particularly will be determining average fees per item and chances of success. There has been consistency in the earlier method, where the revenue was identified over a long period of time, through th e basis of relating to particular claim relating to the objective of every client. The company has adopted the new standard on the basis of retrospective (Deegan,2012). Balance of WIP in AASB 15 is comparatively much low than the existed method AASB 118. Finally the outcome is reached the, earlier method was inheriting the necessity of the increase in level of management judgment. Instead it will be giving the outcomes of the low probability in the threshold to that of earlier method. Due to all this there has been significant decrease in the amount of the ordinary activities which will be attributable to tax has given as loss (Rahman,2013). Moreover, because of this loss no dividend was given. Further, there is existence of negative balance in the net intangible asset. Adoption of IFRS 15 had taken place in the year 2016, which had decrease in the figure of revenue of services. Now it can be said that applicability of AASB 15 will be giving higher consistency as well as systematic approach for generating values which will be reported as revenue and WIP (Deegan,2013). Moreover, the reason for adopting the IFRS 15 as the new standard includes many factors. There are numerous reasons for adopting a new term which in term has many advantages. But for the before explaining it, let us consider some factor which will be influencing the firm can be given by the approach of Positive Accounting Theory. Positive accounting theory says that there should be changes in the accounting policies timely. There should be proper timing for adopting the new framework of accounting standards (Tarca,2012). As per the research it has been found that there will be various effects on the adoption of IFRS 15. It will be introducing a wide change as well as challenge faced by the company will be very difficult. Few of the companies will be widely getting affected because of the new rules of revenue recognition will be minimized, and there will be simple continuation of identifying the revenue as earlier (Giner Arce,2012). Challenges faced after incorporation will be of tim e, whether the identified revenue is over the period or at the particular time. The revenue from the offers of bundled and is there any necessity for the company getting split. Modification of the contract by the company will be done or not. Next, the identified revenue over the time, need to measure the success after the completion. Identification of the contract cost will be will be included in the contract of not. Finally, due to the presence of financial component, will there be any value given to time. Finally, the disclosure needs to be made about the appropriate and relevant information available. The above mentioned factor will be helping company, if IFRS is adopted, the company position can be increased effectively with profit (Aiken et al., 2013). Due to implementation of IFRS and various other factors, there was significant decrease in the revenue of the company (Daske et al., 2013). This can be clearly seen in the financial report of the company that there has the been wide decrease of PAT (Earnings before interest and tax) which in term has turned to be negative. Further, the impairment to the intangible asset has significantly increased tremendously (EY,2015). Work-in-progress had turned to be negative in the current year. Next, there has been decreasing in acquisition cost, because of the Quindells acquisition has turned to be bankrupt. The company also faced loss regarding exchange in the foreign operation, which has occurred due to deflation in the value of USD, because of which loss hedging caused due to fair value consideration has been noticed as well. There has a been significant decrease in cash (May,2014). Fair value consideration has also decreased the overall amount of total current asset. The company is running in huge loss because of the WIP which has been prepared by following the guidelines of IFRS. IFRS 15 has also lead to a decrease in the overall value of the company regarding asset as well as liabilities. The major factor influencing the financial position of the company is adoption of AASB/IFRS 15 and fair value measurement concept is applied to all the assets and liabilities of the company (AASB,15). Yes, there was the occurrence of breaches in the financial reporting. Breaches occurred in the financial statement will be considered under the "APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. APES 110 are stating the code of the ethics is established under Australian statutory body AASB. Under section 226 Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 1989 is still in the continuing process by section 261 of Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 (Dakis,2016). Further, the AUASB will be explaining ASA 100 which under the preamble of AUASB Standards. As per section 110, it will be stating the principle of integrity for imposing the obligations on every member of the company. Integrity will be implied as dealing in fair value and honesty with integrity (Azimi Naim,2015). The sections between 290 and 291 of APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants will be having certain rules that in term each and every accountant of the organization should f ollow are given as follows: There will be update in the definition of the public interest for getting the reflection of the document in the APES 110. Applicability of the independence extension will be reflected in the entities of the publically listed. A key auditor partner will be introducing the relation of guidance (Clayton Staden,2015). The requirement of the SMSF auditor will be introducing the guidance of assisting the practical application. For acting about the ethics, the code is needed to be divided into three parts namely: Part A Applicable to all the members. Part B Applicable to all the members in the public practice. Part C Applicable to all the members in the business, as well as the public practice member will also be finding it relevant. Codes of ethics generated by the APESB (Accounting Professionals and Ethical Standards Boards) will be providing IESBA (International Ethics Standards Boards for Accountants) of (International Federation of Accountants) IFAC (Apesb.org.au.2016). Each and every accountant should make the accounts of the company by taking into consideration given standards of rules and regulation in the coverage of the accounting standard. A Chief Financial Officers (CFO) is the person responsible for fulfilling the all the obligations of the company regarding the financial objective (Martinov et al., 2015). An accountant of the person of Financing is the person responsible for taking the decision related to the relevant standards of the accounting frameworks. By following the code of ethics, company will be making accounts accordingly. The obligation of the company should be fulfilled by maintaining some accounting rules the as well as concept for accounting (George et al., 2014). The essay has fully discussed the concept of revenue recognition on Slater Gordon Lawyers as well as reviewing the article The Undoing of Slater and Gordon by Melissa Fyfe who was published in the Age." The essay has further discussed issue of the company in the identification of accounting policy on the revenue recognition of the work-in-progress. Further, the company has reported the capital market expectation on the growth of the firm, with the help of given article. The discussion has been done on the fall in share price of the company by 50%. Analysis has been done on the recognition of IAS 18 Revenue with that of newly accounting standard "IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers. The revenue of IFRS 15 has meeting the accounting treatment in identified revenue under work-in-progress as mentioned in the article in the current year. Further, there has been reviewing and analysis of the annual report of the year 2013, 214 and 2015 as well as identifying the reason for a si gnificant drop in the value of revenue of the respective year. In consideration of the article identification of the relevant accounting research and its factor which will be influencing the companies accounting policy and give reason for choosing new revenue standard IFRS 15. It has been observed that in 2015, there was huge drop in the value of revenue because of the early adoption of IFRS 15, regarding that there has been identification of factors. Finally, there has identification of breaches in the principles of accounting ethics with APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, which an accountant will be following. The above essay has made clear and transparent discussion of all the point mentioned above. Acquisition of the Quindell has been one of the major reasons for the downfall in the companys position. Form the overall discussion of the essay it has been observed that after taking in to consideration the IFRSB 15 Slater Gordon has faced huge loss. The company also faced loss regarding exchange in the foreign operation, which has occurred due to deflation in the value of USD, the value of exchange will be widely effecting the loss, hedging caused due to fair value consideration has been noticed as well. But as the company took the consideration of relevant accounting standards it has maintained the ethical decorum of the accounting frameworks and managed the books of accounts. The conclusion has been drawn that company will maintains its ethicality of the accounting shortly it may not face any slash down of the share, which stands to be the major component is accessing the position of the company. Reference list AASB, C. A. S. (2015). Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board. (2016).Apesb.org.au. Retrieved 28 September 2016, from https://www.apesb.org.au Aiken, M., Lu, W., Ji, X. D. (2013). The new accounting standard in China.Perspectives on Accounting and Finance in China (RLE Accounting),8, 159. Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) - Home. (2016).Aasb.gov.au. Retrieved 28 September 2016, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/ Azimi, D., Naim, M. (2015). Impact of Organization Internal Factors on Ethical Intensity of Accountants in Afghanistan.Journal of Economics and Business Research,1(1). Clayton, B. M., Staden, C. J. (2015). The Impact of Social Influence Pressure on the Ethical Decision Making of Professional Accountants: Australian and New Zealand Evidence.Australian Accounting Review,25(4), 372-388. Dakis, G. S. (2016). Upcoming changes to contributions and leasing standards.Governance Directions,68(2), 99. Daske, H., Hail, L., Leuz, C., Verdi, R. (2013). Adopting a label: Heterogeneity in the economic consequences around IAS/IFRS adoptions.Journal of Accounting Research,51(3), 495-547. Deegan, C. (2012).Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Deegan, C. (2013).Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. EY.(2015).The new revenue standard affects more than just revenue, available at https://www.ey.com FASB Home. (2016).Fasb.org. Retrieved 28 September 2016, from https://www.fasb.org/home Fyfe, M. (2016).The Undoing of Slater and Gordon, the Age, 24 June George, G., Jones, A., Harvey, J. (2014). Analysis of the language used within codes of ethical conduct.Journal of Academic and Business Ethics,8, 1. Giner, B., Arce, M. (2012). Lobbying on accounting standards: Evidence from IFRS 2 on share-based payments.European Accounting Review,21(4), 655-691. Han Fan, Y., Woodbine, G., Cheng, W. (2013). A study of Australian and Chinese accountants attitudes towards independence issues and the impact on ethical judgements.Asian Review of Accounting,21(3), 205-222. IFRS - Home. (2016).Ifrs.org. Retrieved 28 September 2016, from https://www.ifrs.org/Pages/default.aspx International Accounting Standards. (2016).Iasplus.com. Retrieved 28 September 2016, from https://www.iasplus.com/en/standards/ias Martinov-Bennie, N., Mladenovic, R. (2015). Investigation of the impact of an ethical framework and an integrated ethics education on accounting students ethical sensitivity and judgment.Journal of Business Ethics,127(1), 189-203. May, I. (2014). the IASB issued IFRS 15.Revenue from Con. Rahman, A. R. (2013).The Australian Accounting Standards Review Board (RLE Accounting): The Establishment of Its Participative Review Process. Routledge. Savage, A., Douglas, C., and Barra, R. (2013). Accounting for the Public Interest: A Revenue Recognition Dilemma. Issues in Accounting Education, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 691-703. Slater and Gordon Lawyers UK | Solicitors Nationwide. (2016).Slater and Gordon Lawyers. Retrieved 28 September 2016, from https://www.slatergordon.co.uk/ Tarca, A. (2012). The case for global accounting standards: Arguments and evidence.Available at SSRN 2204889.

Critical Article Review Essay Essay Example

Critical Article Review Essay Paper The writer of â€Å"Be Sure You’re Right. Then Go Ahead† : The Davy Crockett Gun Craze is by Sarah Nilsen. The intent of the article is to give item of how Davy Crockett became the emblem that was known for guns and coon tegument chapeaus. The writer does non specifically place the intent of the article. The intent is good stated in the item given about how the fable became a fable and what portion Walt Disney played in it. The war. households. telecasting shows. plaything shapers. and any other company that could gain from Davy Crockett and The Wild Frontier played a major function in doing Davy such a fable. We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Article Review Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Article Review Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Article Review Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A cardinal point from the article are how the NRA’s engagement played a function in doing gunfight acceptable. NRA’s trust on the media to back up its political docket. Disney became more than a wholesome child’s amusement industry. Disney joined with NRA’s vision on associating the historical yesteryear on the function of a gun. The connection of NRA and Disney was a extremist alteration go oning that would non merely change the manner a civilization and the public think about childhood gunfight. but the sentiment of the media. parents. what is right or incorrect. etc. Bing that it was Disney. they aligned child’s drama and gunfight by linking it to an American Frontier Hero. Another cardinal point from the article was The National Rifle Association. The National Rifle Association of America Headquarters in Fairfax. Virginia. where the National Firearms Museum recreates past history. By demoing gun history in America and foregrounding how the gun helped to organize the United States and became the icon for American individuality helped to do gunfight more acceptable. Wall paper. trappingss. playthings. games. apparels. were all used to advance gunfight. Steer horns. coonskin chapeaus. rifles. and gun holsters were in grownup sleeping rooms. The article said specifically. â€Å"the 1950’s represented a period in which the immense popularity of the telecasting Western was instrumental in doing the gun into an indispensable portion of American childhood. † The writer listed resource after resource to turn out the influence that Davy Crockett had in gunfight going a normal and natural thing. Some of the resources that he listed was Life Magazine. Davy Crockett: King of the Wild Frontier. Disneyland. ABC: Davy Crockett in Indian Fighter. Davy Crockett Goes to Congress. Davy Crockett at the Alamo. The Ballad of Davy Crockett. Davy Crockett mambo. books. newspapers. cartoon strips. Davy Crockett says. In contradiction to anti-hunting and anti-gun movies like Bambi. Disney was transformed by two chief events. One being the work stoppage at the studio in 1941. and the 2nd being Disney’s hitch of the full studio for military usage during World War II. Sarah Nilsen informs us that by 1943 Disney was bring forthing most of the movies for the Navy. Army and other Government bureaus. She besides says By 1945. Disney was proclaiming that â€Å"the coevals that used the gesture image to assist develop its combatants and its workers into the mightiest state in history. is non disposed to disregard the gesture image as an indispensable tool in the labour of enlightenment. civilisation and peace† . Sarah Nilsen studies from Bogart that a kid of a police officer asked his male parent for existent slugs because his sister didn’t dice for existent with the bogus 1s. That one statement to me was a existent aftermath up to how we got to where we are today. My sentiment of this article is that Sarah Nilsen hit it on the caput that the Government every bit good as large names. that were likely influenced by the Government. had and still has a large impact on the manner that history is recreated and told to the coevals of today. The measure that Disney made back in the 1950’s to get down advancing gunfight may hold really much so been the unfastened door that the universe needed to get down wars non merely in our ain states. but besides in our ain households and places. merely like the guiltless little kid that asked his male parent for existent slugs. That Disney and other avenues led them to believe that they were supposed to non merely feign to hit but that they could make it for existent and no 1 would acquire ache or that suppose that person really did acquire shooting for existent that it was alright for them to decease for existent. The image of they truly neer decease had to be in their caputs because what did they see on telecasting. I liked the article by Sarah Nilsen about Davy Crockett and how he became such a fable and how popular non merely an icon can go but the thought that the icon represents every bit good.

I, Robot essays

I, Robot essays Asimovs world of I, Robot is indeed a legendary glimpse into the advancement of robotic science in all its glory. When this book was first written in 1950 I would have loved to have seen the book reviews and peoples reactions, as even today the books isnt outdated. There is a lot to learn from this author. Asimov was a visionary who saw the evolution of things in action and how it could be hampered: human possibilities and perils included. I, Robot is an intergalactic parable centered on robotic advancement and the fragile Laws of Robotics it is based on, and both the pursuit and the structure of the pursuit are in question. The characters throughout the story are faced with many mishaps, discoveries, and glitches with the robots they must test, try out and troubleshoot. Most of the mishaps are in the very logic or thinking process of these metal beings. Though limited, there seems to be a dawning of reflective consciousness, or rather the ability to understand the notion of I am which adds an increased complexity into keeping the Laws of Robotics workable and safe for humans. Somehow, some way these robots find ways around the laws, but are their attempts intentional? Has their logic evolved and we didnt know it? Is our notion of logic substandard? Or, are these machines gaining control over our lives, and we do not see it? Though quite entertaining, this book delivers a warning, which I hope in general scientists, heed. Our increase dependency on these machines seems to cloud our judgment, risks us becoming a subspecies and even start questioning our place and worth in lifes scheme. Give anything, including robots, consciousness and an ability to think for itself separately and in relation to its environment and you have the possibility of such being testing its will in that environment. Now isnt this also a law self-preservation -, which for most is the ...

Economics for Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Economics for Business - Essay Example Non economists believe in the existence of giffen goods which have an up-ward sloping curve, Veblen goods are the ones whose demand decreases with decrease in the prices and the inferior goods demand decreases with increase in income. Depending on where the VM products lie, this will determine the likely shift on demand. Loyal consumers of VM products will have the services delivered on demand. Demand is the economic want backed up by purchasing power, demand curve represents the amount of a good that buyers are willing to purchase at various prices assuming all other non price factors remain constant i.e. at ceteris paribus. In a free market, quantity demanded and quantity supplied depends on the market price. In our case the decrease in demand is likely because shifts in the demand curve towards the left.1 In our case of VM the demand of the services will be affected by the non price factor. For the consumers to continue demanding its services, they have to improve their terms with them. As the VM claims that the SkyB is coerce with its customers, meaning that they are competing firms and therefore it's a substitute for the VM consumers. To mitigate these consequences of the likely decrease in demand, it can lower the prices for the customers who demand for their services and this is likely to increase its demand against that of its competitors if there is free market a d therefore has a bigger market share. It can also improve the quality of its services that it delivers to its customers; this is because the demand of a normal good is likely to increase with its increase in its quality. VM can also promote isits products through public awareness, this can be done through advertising, sales promotion, offering free services at certain time, and it can also use road shows. 2 Question two Market is a group of buyers and sellers exchanging goods that are likely substitutable for one another. Markets are defined by the demand conditions that exist; they embody the zone of consumer's choice for the goods or services. Markets exists in two dimensions- a. Product type b. Geographical area Market structure refers to the selected number of organizational characteristic of the market that establishes the relationship between buyers and sellers of a certain product; market structure analysis is therefore the study of organizational features of market that is believed to have significance for conduct behavior and performance of firms comprising the market. In simple theoretical analysis, the concept of market was traditionally defined as consisting of buyers and sellers of a homogenous good who have insufficiently close contact with each other that o single price prevails The major market structures are: Perfect competition: This is where the market has very many firms producing homogenous product. Monopolistic competition: This is also called competitive market, this is where there are very many firms and each commands a small share of the market share.] Oligopoly: This is where the market is dominated by many small firms which own more than 40% 0f the market share. Oligopsony: This is where the market is dominated by a few buyers with many sellers Monopoly: This is where there is only one provider of a certain product. Natural monopoly: This is a monopoly in which economies of scale cause efficiency to increase as the firm

Events after the Balance Sheet Date. SFAS 165 Coursework

Events after the Balance Sheet Date. SFAS 165 - Coursework Example This standard has also provided some examples of such events which should be or should not be recognized and reported in the financial statements. This article examines objective of SFAS 165 in a detailed manner such that the important paragraphs of the Statement are directly reproduced from the Statement so that actual wordings of the Statements regarding the important points of the Statement can be presented in their intended meaning. This article is structured in such a manner that the first section highlights the overview of this Statement followed by the section which focuses upon the objectives of this Statement. Next section emphasizes the recognition criteria of this statement along with some of the examples taken directly from the Statement which highlight both types of events, the one which should be recognized as well as the other ones which should not be. The subsequent section outlines the comparison of SFAS 165 of GAAP with IAS 10 of IFRS. After that an example from Thomson One Banker database is reported in this article followed by discussion on that example. Conclusion is the last part of this article which leads to the end of this article. Overview of SFAS 165 Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 165 (SFAS 165) discusses the events after the balance sheet date. Those events are also referred to as subsequent events. Generally, those events that arises â€Å"after the balance sheet date but before the date of financial statements are issued or available to be issued†

Professionalism and the Accounting Profession Essay

Professionalism and the Accounting Profession - Essay Example This avoidance of their core responsibility is therefore described as being ethically incorrect. Engaging in activities that are contrary to social expectations is unprofessional (Johnson 1982, p. 267) Instituting initiatives whose main aim is to violate the existing rules and regulations is as well unethical and unprofessional. The available information and research findings have indicated that accounting firms in developed countries such as the United States of America and the United Kingdom have over the years devised schemes intended at impeding their role of paying taxes to the state. This evasion plays a significant role in spoiling the image of the accounting profession that was once held in high regard. Clever accountancy initiatives aim at fulfilling selfish interests of individuals and firms that seek to evade paying taxes (Habermas, 1976). In this way, clever accountancy does not support state projects and interest. The accounting profession claims to be high in profession alism. However the sale of tax evasion schemes casts them in negative light as regards their claims to professionalism. In application of the Weberian theory, paying taxes is a daily noble responsibility of everyone in the society. Weber describes that the daily activities of individuals in society is defined by practical rationality. Former American President Franklin Roosevelt once said that taxes are the â€Å"dues that we paid for the privileges of membership in an organized society†. Paying taxes is therefore considered a noble activity that one would engage in. In fact, a vast majority of business persons and private individuals pay their taxes effectively and... This essay aims to define clever accountancy, how it came about, how it serves the public interest and how it is cursed by the tax collector. The researcher of this essay also points out how it has massively affected the public image of the accounting profession. In this regard, different academic theories were cited to explain how clever accountancy has led to professionals being painted in bad light. Historical as well as contemporary evidence were documented to support some claims and opinions. The essay, among all other things, discusses how accounting could be done more professionally today. Clever accountancy was at first seen to enhance professionalism in the accounting field. It has, however, played as paying taxes is a major ethical responsibility of the members of the society to the state. Everyone in the society has an important part to play in paying taxes to enhance service delivery. However, accounting firms constantly use their social position and influence in the econ omy to evade their core responsibility of paying taxes. The researcher then concluds that accounting profession is the major culprit in the evil when it comes to unethical practice as it is often the main tool of the crime. A change for the better for the profession can help in alleviating the problem. The accounting profession, as indicated earlier, wields a lot of power in the current world. With such power it ought to be on the frontline in championing for positive social ideals. This can have ripple effects considering the power it has.

Development of ICT Examination System

Development of ICT Examination System Abstract: Today, conducting examinations for schools or colleges is a serious concern of the government agencies. The mal-practices or the delay in declaration of results are affecting the careers of the students and in turn break the image of delivering bodies and hence government. Government of Maharashtra had constituted one committee on examination reforms to carry out the in-depth study for use of ICT in examination system. The researcher is registered doctoral student, hence presented in the review paper, the examination reforms is the need of every time in the society since its establishment. Keywords: ICT, Examination reform, Education Introduction: Examinations play an important role in imparting education and knowledge to students. Examination is an instrument to evaluate the knowledge, understanding and learning of students. For Teachers, Examinations provides feedback to evolve their way of teaching. In Maharashtra, serious concerns have been expressed on various issues regarding security of university examination papers and image by the media about the capabilities of Universities to hold organize examinations in a fair manner. In this regard, Hon’ble Chief Secretary opined that immediate action needs to be taken to set up a reliable system so that aforementioned incidences do not occur and Universities can hold the examinations smoothly. A Review: In 2011, Mohini Bhardwaj, Amar Jeet Singh placed the need of present time in India in following manner, â€Å"ICT has reached at every door step, but its potential has not been fully utilised. ICT is a very helpful tool for providing good governance by bringing a sea-change in the working of organisations and institutions.† In two years of span the speedy development of ICT implementation in examination is quoted by Dr. Anurag Sankhiyan, that, â€Å"Trend of seeking online applications for regular, entrance /competitive examinations and conducting on-line examinations have made the system very simple and cost effective for the examining bodies. But, on the other hand, this change is also bringing lot of challenges to the rural youth of the country who are not that much techsavvy. The present paper, focus on the possibilities and challenges of integrating ICT in examination system.† Ron Oliver in his research paper titled â€Å"The role of ICT in higher education for the 21st century: ICT as a change agent for education† stated that, the world moving rapidly into digital media and information, the role of ICT in education is becoming more and more important and this importance will continue to grow and develop in the 21st century. The paper argues the role of ICT in transforming teaching and learning and seeks to explore how this will impact on the way programs will be offered and delivered in the universities and colleges of the future. Aatish Palekar in his web article, The Reform of Examination System – Essay, quoted that, in any education system, they must occupy an important place. Yet the way and the form in which they are held need reform. There are so many serious defects in the present system of examination that their purpose is completely defeated. They fail in measuring the progress of students. Many ways of reforming the examination system have been suggested. One is the setting of objective-type questions, instead of the present system in which the questions require long, essay-type answers. Mohini Bhardwaj and Amarjeet singh focused that the need of ICT is at prime stage considering the gross enrollment ratio in India, as per the University Grants Commission (2008) report titled â€Å"Higher Education in India-Issues related to expansion, inclusiveness, quality and finance†, the number of universities in India has increased from 20 in 1950 to about 431 in 2008, colleges from 500 in 1950 to 20,677 in 2008 and enrolment of students has increased from mere 100,000 in 1950 to 11,612,000 in 2008. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) i.e. which is a ratio of persons enrolled in higher education institutions to total population of the persons in age group of 18 to 23, rose from 0.7% in 1950 to about 11% in 2007. Still the fact remains that the GER in India is quite low compared to that of the developed countries and world average having GERs 54.6 % and 23.2% respectively. Indian government aims to bring GER to 15 % by 2012. The researcher made the current review about GER, and find that the current GER is 19% and the government of India aims to achieve the GER up to 30% by 2020. (The Diplomat, Challenges and Solutions in Indian Higher Education  ByShreyasi Singh, October 02, 2013) The author Anurag Sankhiyan is trying to trouble shoot the challenges in examination system with ICT, hence quote that, â€Å"India is not a rich country where we can change the whole picture in one day. Being a developing nation, the country is facing lot of problems in every sphere. ICT based examination system is quite costly in the initial stage and in case country manage to invest for changing the manual system to ICT we will be facing the challenges on the part of learner who have to adopt the same. Maximum universities, educational boards and selection bodies are inviting the examination applications online. Students who are rural and not have the access to the new technology have to visit cities for filling the application forms. In that case they depend on the people who are managing the cybercafà ©s. Maximum time it has been observed that their forms get rejected due to filling wrong information by such people. Providing proper orientation to the students regarding using the technology is one of the main challenges.† The author rightly focus the challenge of poverty in the nation and the challenge of implementing ICT at lowest possible rate along with the lower ICT literacy among the poor citizens. Anurag Sankhiyan, had also pointed out the significant tangible benefits of using ICT in examination system over the manual system. They quoted that, with ICT integration of technology, process, resources; also streamline procedures in examination system were identified. The author stretch the ICT usage up to quality of service and effective monitoring in the process along with statistical reports at the finger tips. But Mohini Bhardwaj and Amarjeet singh, these authors placed the challenges of main feature of ICT i.e. integration of ICT in examination system in following way- Lot of investment is needed on the part of universities and school examination boards as technology is quite costly. Lack of ICT trained people is another challenge, for which proper training programmes in a regular manner are to be organised. Less initiative taken by the state universities to integrate ICT in the examination system due to lack of funds. Maximum student population of the country is living in the rural areas and not has access to the new technologies. Changing the mindset of the people presently using manual system and making them trained. Orienting students to adopt new technology before shifting to the ICT based examination system. Conclusion: Hence it is clear from above review that in spite of achieving higher GER and ICT promotion at higher stage, the monetary issues are of prime importance. The lack of initiation by universities, rural population and capacity building of the stake holders are challenges in 2013-14, where researcher want to carry out the study to know the implementers thoughts, stake holders e-readyness, how to implement complete ICT solution in NMU region which also covers tribal along with rural region. References: Dr. Anurag Sankhian, (2013) Redesigning Indian Examination System through Technology, GIAN JYOTI E-JOURNAL, Volume 3, Issue 2 ISSN 2250-348X, 57-67 pp Mohini Bhardwaj, Amar Jeet Singh, (2011) Automated Integrated University Examination System, Himachal Pradesh University Journal, 1-10 pp Aatish Palekar, The Reform of Examination System – Essay ARTICLES http://www.publishyourarticles.net/eng/articles/the-reform-of-examination-system-essay.html accessed on 6.6.2013 at 9.30 am Government of Maharashtra, (2012) Reforms in Examinations System in Universities of Maharashtra through use of Technology, Committee Report. Ron Oliver (2002), The role of ICT in higher education for the 21st century: ICT as a change agent for education, HE 21 conference proceedings

Gender :: essays research papers

â€Å"The Men’s Right Movement: ‘Male’ is Not a Four-Letter Word†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jack Kammer’s article seeks to point out that negative aspects have stemmed from the growing women’s liberation movement. This article does a good job bringing to light the anti-male feelings that are sometimes associated with the word â€Å"feminism.† However, it does not really have a concrete basis that supports this author’s opinions. Kammer’s article does share one concept common among some of the other critiques I have read on this man vs. women phenomenon. That is, without a factual base they tend to sound like simple complaints. I feel that articles such as these tend to take attention off of real problems that are embedded in our society. They also lead other reader to perceive the whole subject as a joke rather than a social science seeking solutions to real problems. Kammer does take the time to include some statistics on the many ways a man’s life is worse than that of a women, but these can be quickly thrown o ut. For example, women have typically not been allowed to work in â€Å"death professions.† I am sure that as our society grows everyone will have an equal chance at these wonderful jobs. I found it appalling that he even objected to differential treatment of children in hostage situations. I have shared some of the same feelings that Kramer describes, but I tend to ignore those as just differences of opinion or an ignorant person speaking to quickly. His use of the media portraying men as â€Å"secret admirer and blood brother to the gang rapist† is useless. The media will do anything to sell their product. That is something we can all agree on. We as a society are the police force that must control the media. Refuse to buy their product and they will change. I agree with Krammer in that many feminists tend to focus on men’s shortcomings as a way to further their cause. He does go a little far in using comics as an example of zapping our culture’s male e nergy. This is a large problem that is detrimental to a lot of arguments present today. (Look at the elections.) Rather than seeking a solution that will bring one side up to meet the other these people hope to bash the other side down.